ISDN Write For Us – RDSI is the initial of the “Digital Network of Integrated Services.” It is common to refer to this network with the term ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network). ISDN (or ISDN) is a standard communication network protocol that contemplates both voice and data communications, transmitting both in digital format and at different speeds, depending on the type of ISDN line, all of them faster and safer than the conventional analog telephone line PSTN (Basic Telephone Network).
What does this technology consist of?
ISDN is a complex call processing system that allows voice and data to be transported over the telephone network in the same digital “stream.”
ISDN is digital, transporting voice and data (text, graphics, videoconference, etc.), all transmitted from a single network interface.
The most outstanding advantages that ISDN has concerning modem connections known to us are the speed and reliability of the relationship. Using ISDN, connections at more than 64 kbps can be achieved, which means an increase of more than 50% over the speed of our typical connections with current modems.
There is ISDN equipment on the market for all needs: equipment for the home in which a single microphone and telephone are connected, equipment for the small office (SOHO), where the same ISDN connection is used to communicate several workstations through a remote network, up to equipment that supports a large amount of traffic and numerous routing schemes aimed at large corporations.
How are the ISDN lines?
ISDN lines are made up of two types of communication channels. Every ISDN line has at least one track called B and another called D or signaling.
The B channels are those that carry voice or data in each case. The B channels are always at a speed of 64 Kbs.
The D channels, also called signaling channels, serve to dialogue and synchronize the public exchange with the subscriber equipment; they have a minimum width of 16 Kbs. and can be up to 64 Kbs. Depending on the type of ISDN line in question.
Compatibility issues
The development of ISDN raises two problems: the need to maintain compatibility with existing telephone equipment, and the second that, since it is a very recent creation, many aspects are not yet adequately standardized.
As mentioned in this section, the speed at which digital voice channels work in Europe and the US is different, which means the ISDN will also go at a different pace. As if this were not enough, the protocol used in the signaling channel is also different on each side of the Atlantic. This means that European and American grid connection equipment is different and incompatible; that is to say, before buying a piece of equipment, the user must ensure it will work with his telephone installation.
How will you compete with current technologies?
Although ISDN is still half-built, engineers are already considering its successor: broadband ISDN. This new network will fundamentally be identical to the current ISDN with the difference that the most minor speed of the channels will be 2 megabits per second and can reach 100. The researchers are already developing a new range of applications for this new technology, which could lay the foundations for a new range of services based on high-definition television.
Types of ISDN
There are three types of ISDN interfaces:
#1. ISDN-BRI
The Basic Rate Interface (BRI) requires two data bearer channels, or B channels, and one D channel, or signaling channel, to initiate connections. Channel B and channel D are independent of each other and operate at a maximum of 64 kbps and 16 kbps, respectively.
For example, the B channel is a TCP/IP connection, and the D channel sends a fax to the location. On iSeries ISDN, it supports BRI-ISDN.
The BRI specifies two B channels and one D channel that together equals a speed of 144 kbps. Also, the BRI service requires 48 kbps for the operational overhead. Therefore, a 192 kbps digital pipeline is needed. BRI is used by several countries and is installed in small businesses and residential areas.
#2. PRICE-RDSI
The Primary Rate Interface (PRI) consists of 23 or 30 B channels and one D channel, depending on the country. PRI-ISDN is not supported on iSeries. In the typical primary rate interface, a digital pipeline consists of 23 B-channels and one D-channel, equivalent to 1,536 Kbps. Similar to BRI, PRI also uses an operational overhead of 8 Kbps. Thus, PRI requires a digital channel of 1,544 kbps.
PRI is used by large offices, companies, and companies. For 30 Bearing Channels and one Signaling channel, the total bit rate will be 2,048 Kbps.
#3. RDSI-BA
Broadband ISDN (B-ISDN) merges digital networking services and offers digital transmission over traditional telephone wires. Its speed is around 2 Mbps to 1 Gbps. Information is related to Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM).
The connection is usually established through fiber optic cables. B-ISDN provides a continuous flow of data distributed from the central source to authorized receivers connected to the network.
Advantages of ISDN
ISDN is a valuable technology, primarily when people use dial-up connections that aren’t very efficient. Therefore, ISDN is used not only by companies but also by individual users.
For the most part, ISDN is still the best option. And over time, efforts were made, and techniques were applied to improve the ISDN service. Let’s see how ISDN can become a problem solver:
- ISDN offers different digital services that operate over the same copper wire.
- Digital signals are transmitted over telephone lines.
- It provides faster data transfer speed.
- ISDN connects devices and allows them to operate over one line. This covers fax machines, credit card readers, and multiple other devices.
- It’s fast.
- You have a reliable connection.
- Since the services are digital, the chances of errors are less.
- The connection is faster, and the bandwidth is higher.
- ISDN has several call-handling features.
- Faster transmissions.
- ISDN services eliminate echoes, crosstalk, noise, and other types of distortion.
Limitations of ISDN
Although ISDN offers many advantages to help companies and users achieve their goals. New technologies are being developed to survive in this competitive world, satisfy customers, and record better business growth.
Despite all these positive points, ISDN still has some limitations, such as:
- ISDN is less flexible as it requires physical cables to connect. With the increasing number of devices in an office, it is challenging to implement upgrades and upgrades.
- ISDN setup and installation is time-consuming and irritating for businesses as it requires physical cables.
- ISDN connections are limited to certain geographic areas.
- Installation is expensive.
- For ISDN lines, it needs an external power supply to work.
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