Lan Write For Us – If a network is made up of more than one computer, it is called a Local Area Network (LAN). Such a local network can include two computers in a private home or several thousand devices in a company. Likewise, networks in public institutions such as administrations, schools, or universities are also LAN networks. A universal standard for wired local area networks is Ethernet. ARCNET, FDDI, and Token Ring network technologies are other less common and outdated options. Data transmission occurs electronically via copper cables or glass fiber optics.
Types of Connections in a LAN
- Work area
- The telecommunications room also called the distribution service
- Backbone cabling, also called vertical cabling,
- Distribution cabling, also called horizontal cabling,
Work areas
Workspaces are the locations intended for the end devices used by individual users. Each work area has a minimum of two connectors that can be used to connect a particular device to the network. We use patch cables to connect personal devices to these wall jacks. The allowable length of the connection cable depends on the horizontal line sizes and the telecommunication room thread. Remember that the maximum size for these three areas cannot exceed 100 m. The EIA/TIA standard specifies that UTP patch cords used to connect devices to wall jacks must meet or exceed the performance requirements outlined in ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.
The direct connect cable is the work area’s most commonly used connection cable. This cable attaches end devices, such as computers, to a network.
Telecommunications room
The telecommunications room is the place where the connections to the intermediary devices are made. These rooms contain intermediary devices (hubs, switches, routers, and data service units [DSUs]) that connect the network. These devices provide transitions between backbone cabling and horizontal cabling.
Inside the telecommunications room, the patch cables connect the patch panels, where the horizontal lines terminate, and the intermediary devices. Patch cords also interconnect these intermediary devices.
Horizontal cabling
Horizontal cabling refers to the cables that connect telecommunication rooms to work areas. The maximum cable length from the termination point in the telecommunications room to the termination at the work area outlet cannot exceed 90 meters. Flat media runs from a patch panel in the telecommunications room to a wall jack in each work area.
Vertical cabling
Vertical cabling refers to connecting telecommunications rooms to equipment rooms where servers are typically located. Backbone cabling also interconnects multiple telecommunications rooms throughout the facility. These cables are often routed outside the building to the WAN or ISP connection.
Backbones, or vertical cabling, are used for aggregate traffic, such as traffic coming into or out of the Internet and for access to corporate resources at a remote location. Much traffic from various work areas will use the backbone cabling to access resources outside the room or facility. Therefore, backbones like fiber optic cabling generally require higher bandwidth media.
What are the characteristics of a LAN network?
1. Network security
Entirely secure environments can be created since they are closed networks and access to resources can only be restricted for those devices that belong to authorized subnets. Thus, only those who must use them can access sensitive information, such as databases or files.
Various security groups can be created, depending on the user, the department to which they belong, and the information they must access.
2. Maintenance
The network administration oversees the IT area, so any difficulty, mishap, or maintenance need can resolved immediately. Also, because it’s a local environment, it’s simpler and less prone to failure.
The same IT team may monitor for errors if more permissions need to be granted or if a user’s access level needs to be changed.
3. Transfer speed
They generally have ample bandwidth, and it is common for modern computers to already come equipped with 1 Gbps speed ports. Companies usually purchase network devices of the same speed. Therefore, a LAN network usually has higher rates than your Internet connection.
4. Scalability
The size of the LANs can be easily adapted, and the number of interconnected devices can be increased or decreased when required without further infrastructure investment. Those companies that have deployed Category 6A cabling can quickly scale their speeds up to 10 Gbps by changing network elements and keeping the same cabling.
5. Connectivity abroad
LANs are also connected to external networks such as the Internet, other servers, data centers, and business partners, or they can even be connected to each other in LAN-to-LAN links, which makes it possible to maintain communications between networks in branches in different cities or countries.
Common Topologies of Computer LAN Networks
Depending on the physical way in which computers and computer networks are interconnected with each other, we have different configurations. The most common are:
- Bus: A single main cable to which all terminals connect. Advantages: Simple in operation and easy to install. Disadvantages: All the information passes through a single line, which causes traffic problems. A significant cable failure interrupts all transmissions.
- Ring: The nodes connect; the last closes the circle, securing with the first. Pros: No traffic issues. Disadvantages: Unless it is a double ring, breaking a link results in a general failure.
- Star: The nodes connect to a central node.
- Mesh: Each node has a direct connection to the other nodes. Advantage: It is the safest way against possible interruptions. Disadvantage: It is more complicated to install and maintain.
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